Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 Alters Craniofacial Patterning during Early Embryonic Development of Chick

A recent study from our lab revealed that the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) exclusively reduces level PGE2 (Prostaglandin E2) among prostanoids and hampers normal development several structures, strikingly cranial vault, in chick embryos. In order to unearth mechanism behind deviant features, expression pattern various factors are known influence neural crest cell (CNCC) migration was checked embryos after inhibiting COX-2 activity using etoricoxib. The compromised adhesion molecules their upstream regulators, namely CDH1 (E-cadherin), CDH2 (N-cadherin), MSX1 (Msh homeobox 1), TGF-β (Transforming growth factor beta), observed etoricoxib-treated indicate COX-2, through its downstream effector PGE2, regulates these perhaps aid CNCCs. histological features levels FoxD3 (Forkhead box D3), as well PCNA (Proliferating nuclear antigen), further consolidate role survival CNCCs developing results current plays a pivotal orchestrating craniofacial structures by modulating CNCC proliferation during embryonic chicks.